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Cumberland County, Virginia

Coordinates: 37°31′N 78°14′W / 37.51°N 78.24°W / 37.51; -78.24
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Cumberland County
County
Cumberland County Courthouse
Cumberland County Courthouse
Flag of Cumberland County
Flag
Official seal of Cumberland County
Seal
Map of Virginia highlighting Cumberland County
Location within the U.S. state of Virginia
Map of the United States highlighting Virginia
Virginia's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 37°31′N 78°14′W / 37.51°N 78.24°W / 37.51; -78.24
Country United States
State Virginia
Founded1749
Named forWilliam Augustus, Duke of Cumberland
SeatCumberland
Largest townFarmville
Area
 • Total
300 sq mi (800 km2)
 • Land297 sq mi (770 km2)
 • Water2.3 sq mi (6 km2)  0.8%
Population
 (2020)
 • Total
9,675
 • Density32/sq mi (12/km2)
Time zoneUTC−5 (Eastern)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)
Congressional district5th
Websitecumberlandcounty
.virginia.gov

Cumberland County is a county located in the Commonwealth of Virginia, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 9,675.[1] Its county seat is Cumberland.[2]

History

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Cumberland County was established in 1749 from Goochland County. The county is named for William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland, third son of King George II of Great Britain. Cumberland County was also home to the Fleming family, which included Judge John Fleming and his son Judge William Fleming.

From 1749 until 1777, when the eastern portion was detached to form Powhatan County, Mosby Tavern served as the county courthouse. The tavern subsequently became known as "Old Cumberland Courthouse." In 1778 the narrow triangular area bordering the southern bank of the James River was annexed from Buckingham County.

Geography

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According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 300 square miles (780 km2), of which 297 sq mi (770 km2) is land and 2.3 sq mi (6.0 km2) (0.8%) is water.[3]

Adjacent counties

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Major highways

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Demographics

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This rural county suffered a long decline in population from 1880 to 1970, as the number of workers needed for agriculture was reduced through mechanization. Since then its population has grown, reaching a peak in 2010 nearly equal to its 19th-century high.

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
17908,153—
18009,83920.7%
18109,9921.6%
182011,02310.3%
183011,6906.1%
184010,399−11.0%
18509,751−6.2%
18609,9612.2%
18708,142−18.3%
188010,54029.5%
18909,482−10.0%
19008,996−5.1%
19109,1952.2%
19209,111−0.9%
19307,535−17.3%
19407,505−0.4%
19507,252−3.4%
19606,360−12.3%
19706,179−2.8%
19807,88127.5%
19907,825−0.7%
20009,01715.2%
201010,05211.5%
20209,675−3.8%
U.S. Decennial Census[4]
1790-1960[5] 1900-1990[6]
1990-2000[7] 2010[8] 2020[9]

2020 census

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Cumberland County, Virginia – Racial and ethnic composition
Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 2010[8] Pop 2020[9] % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 6,353 6,104 63.20% 63.09%
Black or African American alone (NH) 3,253 2,817 32.36% 29.12%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 36 39 0.36% 0.40%
Asian alone (NH) 35 36 0.35% 0.37%
Pacific Islander alone (NH) 0 8 0.00% 0.08%
Some Other Race alone (NH) 17 40 0.17% 0.41%
Mixed Race or Multi-Racial (NH) 177 390 1.76% 4.03%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 181 241 1.80% 2.49%
Total 10,052 9,675 100.00% 100.00%

2000 census

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As of the census[10] of 2000, there were 9,017 people, 3,528 households, and 2,487 families residing in the county. The population density was 30 people per square mile (12 people/km2). There were 4,085 housing units at an average density of 14 units per square mile (5.4 units/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 60.37% White, 37.44% Black or African American, 0.18% Native American, 0.35% Asian, 0.59% from other races, and 1.06% from two or more races. 1.66% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 3,528 households, out of which 30.00% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.60% were married couples living together, 14.30% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.50% were non-families. 24.80% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.70% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.55 and the average family size was 3.03.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 24.70% under the age of 18, 7.30% from 18 to 24, 28.00% from 25 to 44, 25.10% from 45 to 64, and 14.80% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 91.00 males. For every 100 females aged 18 and over, there were 88.20 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $31,816, and the median income for a family was $37,965. Males had a median income of $28,846 versus $22,521 for females. The per capita income for the county was $15,103. 15.10% of the population and 11.90% of families were below the poverty line. Out of the total people living in poverty, 19.60% are under the age of 18 and 16.10% are 65 or older.

Government

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Board of Supervisors

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  • District 1: Bryan Hamlet
  • District 2: John L Newman (R) (Chairman)
  • District 3: Eurika Tyree (Vice Chair)
  • District 4: Paul Stimpson (R)
  • District 5: Robert Saunders Jr.

Constitutional officers

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  • Clerk of the Circuit Court: Deidra Martin (I)
  • Commissioner of the Revenue: Julie A. Phillips (I)
  • Commonwealth's Attorney: Wendy Deaner Hannah (I)
  • Sheriff: Darrell Hodges (I)
  • Treasurer: L.O. Pfeiffer, Jr. (I)

Cumberland County is represented by Republican Mark Peake in the Virginia Senate, Republican Thomas C. Wright, Jr. in the Virginia House of Delegates, and Republican Bob Good in the U.S. House of Representatives.

United States presidential election results for Cumberland County, Virginia[11]
Year Republican Democratic Third party(ies)
No.  % No.  % No.  %
2024 3,335 60.79% 2,117 38.59% 34 0.62%
2020 3,019 56.85% 2,227 41.94% 64 1.21%
2016 2,697 54.97% 2,036 41.50% 173 3.53%
2012 2,538 50.28% 2,422 47.98% 88 1.74%
2008 2,418 51.19% 2,255 47.73% 51 1.08%
2004 2,377 57.61% 1,721 41.71% 28 0.68%
2000 1,974 56.29% 1,405 40.06% 128 3.65%
1996 1,544 48.40% 1,303 40.85% 343 10.75%
1992 1,643 48.55% 1,284 37.94% 457 13.50%
1988 1,978 62.61% 1,132 35.83% 49 1.55%
1984 2,027 60.89% 1,237 37.16% 65 1.95%
1980 1,515 50.10% 1,355 44.81% 154 5.09%
1976 1,284 46.57% 1,302 47.23% 171 6.20%
1972 1,371 57.75% 969 40.82% 34 1.43%
1968 844 34.70% 978 40.21% 610 25.08%
1964 1,099 55.59% 871 44.06% 7 0.35%
1960 691 54.75% 559 44.29% 12 0.95%
1956 566 42.91% 331 25.09% 422 31.99%
1952 695 54.42% 574 44.95% 8 0.63%
1948 219 26.94% 424 52.15% 170 20.91%
1944 218 31.82% 463 67.59% 4 0.58%
1940 157 28.09% 396 70.84% 6 1.07%
1936 136 22.08% 476 77.27% 4 0.65%
1932 84 13.82% 511 84.05% 13 2.14%
1928 213 32.52% 442 67.48% 0 0.00%
1924 61 12.53% 398 81.72% 28 5.75%
1920 114 21.47% 413 77.78% 4 0.75%
1916 73 14.07% 446 85.93% 0 0.00%
1912 10 2.48% 362 89.60% 32 7.92%

Education

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Cumberland County Public Schools, the only school division in the county,[12] serves over 1400 students in the county.[13] The district operates Cumberland Elementary School (PreK-4), Cumberland Middle School (5-8), and Cumberland High School (9-12). The superintendent is Dr. Chip Jones (2022).[13]

Communities

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Town

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Unincorporated communities

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Attractions and events

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Bear Creek Lake State Park is located 4.5 miles (7.2 km) northwest of the town of Cumberland. Bear Creek Lake features overnight cabins, a lodge, permanent camp sites, and picnic shelters. Swimming and boating are allowed at the lake, and boat rentals are available. The park also has trails for hiking and running.

The 16,233-acre (65.69 km2) Cumberland State Forest is north of U.S. Route 60, west of State Route 45 and bordered on the west by the Willis River. The Forest has multiple purposes, including watershed protection, recreation, timber production, hunting, fishing, and applied forest research. There are two self-guided trails at Cumberland State Forest that are open for walking, hiking, horses, and mountain bikes. These are the Cumberland Multi-Use Trail (14 miles) and the Willis River Hiking Trail (16 miles). White-tailed deer, wild turkey, and bobcats are common residents of this natural area. The State forest also features five lakes which may be fished from with a Virginia State fishing license, including: Oak Hill Lake, Bear Creek Lake, Winston Lake, Arrowhead Lake, and Bonbrook Lake.

Notable people

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  • Justice Paul Carrington (1733–1818), second member appointed of the Virginia Supreme Court. Born at "Boston Hill".
  • Lena Trent Gordon (1885-1935), Philadelphia-based political organizer, poet, born in Cumberland.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Cumberland County, Virginia". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 30, 2022.
  2. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on May 31, 2011. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  3. ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
  4. ^ "Census of Population and Housing from 1790-2000". US Census Bureau. Retrieved January 24, 2022.
  5. ^ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Archived from the original on August 11, 2012. Retrieved January 1, 2014.
  6. ^ "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 1, 2014.
  7. ^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022. Retrieved January 1, 2014.
  8. ^ a b "P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Cumberland County, Virginia". United States Census Bureau.
  9. ^ a b "P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Cumberland County, Virginia". United States Census Bureau.
  10. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved May 14, 2011.
  11. ^ David Leip. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". Uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved December 9, 2020.
  12. ^ "2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Cumberland County, VA" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved October 2, 2024. - Text list
  13. ^ a b "Cumberland County Public Schools". www.cucps.k12.va.us. Retrieved August 17, 2022.
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37°31′N 78°14′W / 37.51°N 78.24°W / 37.51; -78.24

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